for the six formers--1

Metre (meter) means measure and the unit of measurement is foot.
A foot can be dissyllabic (formed of two syllables) or trisyllabic (formed of three syllables).

(A line of verse can contain one foot or more: monometre, dimetre, trimetre, tetrametre, pentametre, hexametre, heptametre, octametre, nonametre, decametre)

Iamb is an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable: alone
Trochee is a stressed syllable followed by an unstressed syllable: lonely
(Spondee: two stressed syllables together: air, fire; Dactyl: a stressed syllable followed by two unstressed ones: touch her not; Anapest: two unstressed syllables followed by a stressed one: and the sound of a voice that is still)

Verse: metrical poetry
Prose: ordinary language not restricted in rhythm, measure or rhyme.
Free verse: poetry without a fixed metrical pattern.
Blank verse: poetry without rhyme.

Rhyme: when two words have the same last stressed sound pattern and all the following speech sounds are the same: beauty/duty, night/fight

Couplet: any rhymed pattern of two lines
Ode: a long lyric poem, serious in subject and elevated in style
Sonnet: a complete poem of 14 lines in Iambic Pentametre.
Petrarchan sonnet has got an Octave (eight lines setting the central theme formed of two quatrains) and a Sestet (six lines explaining the result and the decision formed of two triples):
abba/abba cde/cde
Shakespearean sonnet contains three quatrains and a final couplet:
abab/cdcd/efef gg

Stanza: from Italian stopping place means a group of verse lines together forming sth like a paragraph in prose